글로벌 가상자산 AML 규제는 입법은 확산됐으나 집행·DeFi·역외 VASP 영역에서 여전히 심각한 공백이 존재한다.
이 카드의 근거 1건
“For the 2026 survey, 83% of respondents reported having passed legislation implementing the Travel Rule. However, enforcement experience remains limited, with almost half of jurisdictions that have introduced Travel Rule legislation not yet having taken Travel Rule-related supervisory or enforcement action.”
“The proportion of jurisdictions that are largely compliant (LC) increased from 29% (40 of 138 jurisdictions) in 2025 to 34% (51 of 149 jurisdictions) in 2026, and the proportion of jurisdictions partially compliant (PC) with the revised R.15 also decreased slightly from 50% (68 of 138 jurisdictions) in 2025 to 43% (64 of 149 jurisdictions) in 2026.”
“The proportion of jurisdictions not compliant (NC) with the requirements remains similar from 21% (29 of 138 jurisdictions in 2025) to 22% (33 of 149 jurisdictions in 2026). As in 2025, only one jurisdiction continues to be fully compliant (C) with R.15.”
트래블 룰(Travel Rule)은 2026년 기준 83% 국가가 입법을 완료했으나, 실제 집행 경험을 보유한 국가는 극소수에 그친다.
입법 완료와 실제 집행 사이의 구조적 괴리 확인
집행 경험 부족은 규제 실효성을 근본적으로 제한
FATF는 이를 2026년 핵심 우려 사항으로 명시
이 카드의 근거 1건
“For the 2026 survey, 83% of respondents reported having passed legislation implementing the Travel Rule. However, enforcement experience remains limited, with almost half of jurisdictions that have introduced Travel Rule legislation not yet having taken Travel Rule-related supervisory or enforcement action.”
탈중앙화 금융(DeFi)은 중앙 운영 주체 없이 으로 작동해 기존 VASP 규제 틀이 적용되기 어렵다. FATF 평가 결과 31% 국가만이 DeFi 관련 규제 논의를 시작한 수준으로, 대다수 국가는 아직 대응 체계조차 갖추지 못했다.
이 카드의 근거 1건
“Similar to findings in previous Targeted Update reports, identifying individuals or entities exercising control or sufficient influence over DeFi arrangements continues to be challenging. While some jurisdictions (31% 44 of 142) reported that their risk mitigation measures apply to DeFi arrangements, only four jurisdictions have imposed licensing or registration requirements, and just two have actually licensed or registered such arrangements in practice.”
규제가 느슨한 국가에 등록된 는 강한 규제를 피해 서비스를 제공하며, 이는 글로벌 금융 시스템 전반의 자금세탁·테러자금조달 위험을 높인다.
이 카드의 근거 1건
“Jurisdictions taking a prohibition approach have not progressed in taking supervisory or enforcement actions to sanction VASPs operating illegally within their jurisdictions. The use of prohibition frameworks, while allowed by the FATF Standards, can represent significant risks to the VASP and global financial system if not enforced effectively.”
FATF 2026 평가는 가상자산 AML 규제의 네 가지 균열을 동시에 확인했다. 이행률 상승에도 완전 이행 국가는 34%에 불과하고, 트래블 룰 집행 경험은 희소하며, DeFi 대응은 31% 국가만 착수했고, 는 공백을 구조적으로 활용한다.
이 카드의 근거 3건
“The proportion of jurisdictions that are largely compliant (LC) increased from 29% (40 of 138 jurisdictions) in 2025 to 34% (51 of 149 jurisdictions) in 2026, and the proportion of jurisdictions partially compliant (PC) with the revised R.15 also decreased slightly from 50% (68 of 138 jurisdictions) in 2025 to 43% (64 of 149 jurisdictions) in 2026.”
“Similar to findings in previous Targeted Update reports, identifying individuals or entities exercising control or sufficient influence over DeFi arrangements continues to be challenging. While some jurisdictions (31% 44 of 142) reported that their risk mitigation measures apply to DeFi arrangements, only four jurisdictions have imposed licensing or registration requirements, and just two have actually licensed or registered such arrangements in practice.”
“Jurisdictions taking a prohibition approach have not progressed in taking supervisory or enforcement actions to sanction VASPs operating illegally within their jurisdictions. The use of prohibition frameworks, while allowed by the FATF Standards, can represent significant risks to the VASP and global financial system if not enforced effectively.”